NHG-Richtlijnen
NHG-Standaard
M71
3.0
november 2022
november 2022
D. Spijsverteringsorganen

Begrippen

Naar Volledige tekst ›

Richtlijnen diagnostiek

Naar Volledige tekst ›

Anamnese

Naar Volledige tekst ›

Lichamelijk onderzoek

Naar Volledige tekst ›

Aanvullend onderzoek

Naar Volledige tekst ›

Evaluatie

Naar Volledige tekst ›

Richtlijnen beleid

Naar Volledige tekst ›

Voorlichting en advies

Naar Volledige tekst ›

Zelfzorg en niet-medicamenteuze behandeling

Naar Volledige tekst ›

Medicamenteuze behandeling

Naar Volledige tekst ›

Controles

Naar Volledige tekst ›

Consultatie en verwijzing

Naar Volledige tekst ›

Belangrijkste wijzigingen

Naar Samenvatting ›

Kernboodschappen

Naar Samenvatting ›

Inleiding

Naar Samenvatting ›

Scope

Naar Samenvatting ›

Afstemming

Naar Samenvatting ›

Achtergronden

Naar Samenvatting ›

Begrippen

Naar Samenvatting ›

Epidemiologie

Naar Samenvatting ›

Etiologie

Naar Samenvatting ›

Richtlijnen diagnostiek

Naar Samenvatting ›

Anamnese

Naar Samenvatting ›

Klachten en verschijnselen die passen bij PDS

Naar Samenvatting ›

Lichamelijk onderzoek

Naar Samenvatting ›

Aanvullend onderzoek

Naar Samenvatting ›

Coloscopie

Naar Samenvatting ›

Fecaal immunochemische test (FIT)

Naar Samenvatting ›

Aanvullend onderzoek naar coeliakie

Naar Samenvatting ›

Aanvullend onderzoek naar inflammatoire darmziekten

Naar Samenvatting ›

Rectaal bloedverlies

Naar Samenvatting ›

Fecesonderzoek

Naar Samenvatting ›

Evaluatie

Naar Samenvatting ›

Richtlijnen beleid

Naar Samenvatting ›

Voorlichting en advies

Naar Samenvatting ›

Zelfzorg en niet-medicamenteuze behandeling

Naar Samenvatting ›

Vermijdingsgedrag verminderen

Naar Samenvatting ›

Factoren die spanningen veroorzaken en de rol van omgeving

Naar Samenvatting ›

Voeding

Naar Samenvatting ›
Richtlijnen Goede Voeding
Naar Samenvatting ›
Psylliumvezels
Naar Samenvatting ›
Voedingsadvies van de diëtist
Naar Samenvatting ›
Glutenvrij dieet
Naar Samenvatting ›

Probiotica

Naar Samenvatting ›

Lichaamsbeweging

Naar Samenvatting ›

Psychologische behandeling

Naar Samenvatting ›

Medicamenteuze behandeling

Naar Samenvatting ›

Algemene uitgangspunten

Naar Samenvatting ›

Medicamenteuze behandeling bij PDS-C

Naar Samenvatting ›
Laxantia
Naar Samenvatting ›
Linaclotide
Naar Samenvatting ›
Praktische toepassing
Naar Samenvatting ›

Medicamenteus beleid bij PDS-D

Naar Samenvatting ›

Medicamenteus beleid bij PDS met pijnklachten op de voorgrond

Naar Samenvatting ›
Analgetica
Naar Samenvatting ›
Pepermuntolie
Naar Samenvatting ›
Praktische toepassing
Naar Samenvatting ›
Parasympathicolytica
Naar Samenvatting ›

Antidepressiva

Naar Samenvatting ›
Praktische toepassing
Naar Samenvatting ›

Controles

Naar Samenvatting ›

Consultatie en verwijzing

Naar Samenvatting ›

Mdl-arts

Naar Samenvatting ›

Diëtist

Naar Samenvatting ›

Psychologische therapie

Naar Samenvatting ›

Bedrijfsarts

Naar Samenvatting ›

Organisatie van de zorg

Naar Samenvatting ›

Referenties

  1. Thompson WG, Longstreth GF, Drossman DA, Heaton KW, Irvine EJ, Muller-Lissner SA. Functional bowel disorders and functional abdominal pain. GUT 1999;45 Suppl 2:II43-II47.
  2. Longstreth GF, Thompson WG, Chey WD, Houghton LA, Mearin F, Spiller RC. Functional bowel disorders. Gastroenterology 2006;130:1480-91.
  3. Drossman DA, Hasler WL. Rome IV-functional Gi disorders: disorders of gut-brain interaction. Gastroenterology 2016;150:1257–61.
  4. Mearin F, Lacy BE, Chang L. Bowel disorders. Gastroenterology 2016;150:1393–407.
  5. Begtrup LM, Engsbro AL, Kjeldsen J, Larsen PV, Schaffalitzky de Muckadell O, Bytzer P, Jarbøl DE. A positive diagnostic strategy is noninferior to a strategy of exclusion for patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013 Aug;11(8):956-62.e1.
  6. Engsbro AL, Begtrup LM, Haastrup P, Storsveen MM, Bytzer P, Kjeldsen J, Schaffalitzky De Muckadell O, Jarbøl DE. A positive diagnostic strategy is safe and saves endoscopies in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: A five-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2021 Mar;33(3):e14004.
  7. Nielen MMJ, Hek K, Schermer TRJ. Jaarcijfers aandoeningen: incidenties en prevalenties. Uit: Nivel Zorgregistraties Eerste Lijn [internet]. 2020 [Laatst gewijzigd op 31-08-2020; geraadpleegd op 03-12-2021]. Ga naar bron
  8. Sperber AD, Dumitrascu D, Fukudo S, et al. The global prevalence of IBS in adults remains elusive due to the heterogeneity of studies: a Rome Foundation working team literature review. Gut 2017;66:1075–82.
  9. Sperber A et al. Worldwide prevalence and burden of functional gastrointestinal disorders, results of Rome foundation global study; Gastroenterology 2021; 160: 99-114.
  10. Van de Lisdonk EH, Van den Bosch WJHM, Lagro-Janssen ALM, Schers HJ. redactie. Ziekten in de huisartspraktijk. Maarssen: Elsevier Gezondheidszorg, 2008.
  11. Guthrie E, Thompson D. Abdominal pain and functional gastrointestinal disorders. BMJ 2002;325:701-3.
  12. Chitkara DK, van Tilburg MAL, Blois-Martin N, et al. Early life risk factors that contribute to irritable bowel syndrome in adults: a systematic review. Am J Gastroenterol 2008;103:765–74.
  13. Saito YA, Talley NJ. Genetics of irritable bowel syndrome. Am J Gastroenterol 2008;103:2100–4.
  14. Spiller R, Garsed K. Postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology 2009;136:1979–88.
  15. Meaney MJ, Szyf M. Environmental programming of stress responses through DNA methylation: life at the interface between a dynamic environment and a fixe genome. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 2005;7:103–23.
  16. Van Oudenhove L, Levy RL, Crowell MD, et al. Biopsychosocial aspects of functional gastrointestinal disorders: how central and environmental processes contribute to the development and expression of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Gastroenterology 2016;150:1355–67.
  17. Windgassen S, Moss-Morris R, Chilcot J, et al. The journey between brain and gut: a systematic review of psychological mechanisms of treatment effect in irritable bowel syndrome. Br J Health Psychol 2017;22:701–36.
  18. Hungin APS, Becher A, Cayley B, Heidelbaugh JJ, Muris JWM, Rubin G, Seifert B, Russel A, De Wit NJ. Irritable bowel syndrome: an integrated explanatory model for clinical practice. Neurogastroenterology and Motility 2015;27(6):750-763
  19. Ludidi S, Conchillo JM, Keszthelyi D, Van Avesaat M, Kruimel JW, Jonkers DM, Masclee AA. Rectal hypersensitivity as hallmark for irritable bowel syndrome: defining the optimal cutoff. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2012;24:729-33.
  20. Sanger GJ, Chang L, Bountra C, et al. Challenges and prospects for pharmacotherapy in functional gastrointestinal disorders. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2010;3:291–305.
  21. Simrén M, Törnblom H, Palsson OS, et al. Visceral hypersensitivity is associated with Gi symptom severity in functional Gi disorders: consistent findings from five different patient cohorts. Gut 2018;67:255–62.
  22. Agrawal A, Houghton LA, Lea R, et al. Bloating and distention in irritable bowel syndrome: the role of visceral sensation. Gastroenterology 2008;134:1882–9.
  23. Camilleri M, McKinzie S, Busciglio I, et al. Prospective study of motor, sensory, psychologic, and autonomic functions in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008;6:772–81.
  24. Törnblom H, Van Oudenhove L, Sadik R, et al. Colonic Transit Time and IBS Symptoms: What’s the Link? Am J Gastroenterol 2012;107:754–60.
  25. Ravi K, Bharucha AE, Camilleri M, et al. Phenotypic variation of colonic motor functions in chronic constipation. Gastroenterology 2010;138:89–97.
  26. Spiller R, Aziz Q, Creed F, et al. Guidelines on the irritable bowel syndrome: mechanisms and practical management. Gut 2007;56:1770–98.
  27. Atkinson W, Lockhart S, Whorwell PJ, et al. Altered 5-hydroxytryptamine signaling in patients with Constipation- and diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology 2006;130:34–43.
  28. Thijssen AY, Mujagic Z, Jonkers DM, Ludidi S, Keszthelyi D, Hesselink MA, Clemens CH, Conchillo JM, Kruimel JW, Masclee AA. Alterations in serotonin metabolism in the irritable bowel syndrome. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Jan;43(2):272-82.
  29. Klem F, Wadhwa A, Prokop LJ, et al. Prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of irritable bowel syndrome after infectious enteritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastroenterology 2017;152:1042–54.
  30. Barbara G, Grover M, Bercik P, Corsetti M, Ghoshal UC, Ohman L, Rajilić-Stojanović M. Rome Foundation Working Team Report on Post-Infection Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Gastroenterology. 2019 Jan;156(1):46-58.e7
  31. Villarreal AA, Aberger FJ, Benrud R. Use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and the development of irritable bowel syndrome. WMJ 2012;111:17–20.
  32. Pimentel M, Lembo A, Chey WD, et al. Rifaximin therapy for patients with irritable bowel syndrome without constipation. N Engl J Med Overseas Ed 2011;364:22–32.
  33. Bhattarai Y, Muniz Pedrogo DA, Kashyap PC. Irritable bowel syndrome: a gut microbiota-related disorder? Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2017;312:G52–62.
  34. Grover M, Kanazawa M, Palsson OS, et al. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in irritable bowel syndrome: association with colon motility, bowel symptoms, and psychological distress. Neurogastroenterology & Motility 2008;20:998–1008.
  35. Hugerth LW, Andreasson A, Talley NJ, et al. No distinct microbiome signature of irritable bowel syndrome found in a Swedish random population. Gut 2020;69:1076–84.
  36. Tap J, Derrien M, Törnblom H, et al. Identification of an intestinal microbiota signature associated with severity of irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology 2017;152:111–23.
  37. Jeffery IB, Das A, O'Herlihy E, Coughlan S, Cisek K, Moore M, Bradley F, Carty T, Pradhan M, Dwibedi C, Shanahan F, O'Toole PW. Differences in Fecal Microbiomes and Metabolomes of People With vs Without Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Bile Acid Malabsorption. Gastroenterology. 2020 Mar;158(4):1016-1028.e8.
  38. Martin-Viñas JJ, Quigley EMM. Immune response in irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review of systemic and mucosal inflammatory mediators. J Dig Dis 2016;17:572–81.
  39. Burns G, Carroll G, Mathe A, et al. Evidence for local and systemic immune activation in functional dyspepsia and the irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review. Am J Gastroenterol 2019;114:429–36.
  40. Robles A, Perez Ingles D, Myneedu K, et al. Mast cells are increased in the small intestinal mucosa of patients with irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Neurogastroenterology & Motility 2019;31:e13718.
  41. Mujagic Z, Ludidi S, Keszthelyi D, Hesselink MA, Kruimel JW, Lenaerts K, Hanssen NM, Conchillo JM, Jonkers DM, Masclee AA. Small intestinal permeability is increased in diarrhoea predominant IBS, while alterations in gastroduodenal permeability in all IBS subtypes are largely attributable to confounders. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2014 Aug;40(3):288-97.
  42. Black CJ, Yiannakou Y, Houghton LA. Anxiety‐related factors associated with symptom severity in irritable bowel syndrome. Neurogastroenterology and motility : the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society 2020:e13872.
  43. Mayer EA, Labus J, Aziz Q, et al. Role of brain imaging in disorders of brain–gut interaction: a Rome working team report. Gut 2019;68:1701–15.
  44. Salvioli B, Pellegatta G, Malacarne M, et al. Autonomic nervous system dysregulation in irritable bowel syndrome. Neurogastroenterology & Motility 2015;27:423–30.
  45. Cash BD, Schoenfeld P, Chey WD. The utility of diagnostic tests in irritable bowel syndrome patients: a systematic review. Am J Gastroenterol 2002;97:2812-9.
  46. Sanders DS, Patel D, Stephenson TJ, Ward AM, McCloskey EV, Hadjivassiliou M, et al. A primary care cross-sectional study of undiagnosed adult coeliac disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2003;15:407-13.
  47. Pimentel M, Chow EJ, Lin HC. Normalization of lactulose breath testing correlates with symptom improvement in irritable bowel syndrome. a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Am J Gastroenterol 2003;98:412-9.
  48. Hamm LR, Sorrells SC, Harding JP, Northcutt AR, Heath AT, Kapke GF, et al. Additional investigations fail to alter the diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome in subjects fulfilling the Rome criteria. Am J Gastroenterol 1999;94:1279-82.
  49. Tolliver BA, Herrera JL, DiPalma JA. Evaluation of patients who meet clinical criteria for irritable bowel syndrome. Am J Gastroenterol 1994;89:176-8.
  50. MacIntosh DG, Thompson WG, Patel DG, Barr R, Guindi M. Is rectal biopsy necessary in irritable bowel syndrome? Am J Gastroenterol 1992;87:1407-9.
  51. Francis CY, Duffy JN, Whorwell PJ, Martin DF. Does routine abdominal ultrasound enhance diagnostic accuracy in irritable bowel syndrome? Am J Gastroenterol 1996;91:1348-50.
  52. Sanders DS, Carter MJ, Hurlstone DP, Pearce A, Ward AM, McAlindon ME, et al. Association of adult coeliac disease with irritable bowel syndrome: a case-control study in patients fulfilling ROME II criteria referred to secondary care. Lancet 2001;358:1504-8.
  53. Cash BD, Chey WD. Diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2005;34:205-20, vi.
  54. Bijkerk CJ. Prikkelbaredarmsyndroom in de huisartsenpraktijk. Huisarts Wet 2009;52:17-20.
  55. Rubin G, De Wit N, Meineche-Schmidt V, Seifert B, Hall N, Hungin P. The diagnosis of IBS in primary care: consensus development using nominal group technique. Fam Pract 2006;23:687-92.
  56. Vereniging Klinische Genetica Nederland, Stichting Opsporing erfelijke tumoren. Erfelijke tumoren. Richtlijnen voor diagnostiek en preventie (2017). Ga naar bron
  57. Fijten GH, Blijham GH, Knottnerus JA. Occurrence and clinical significance of overt blood loss per rectum in the general population and in medical practice. Br J Gen Pract 1994;44:320-5.
  58. Crosland A, Jones R. Rectal bleeding: prevalence and consultation behaviour. BMJ 1995;311:486-8.
  59. Talley NJ, Jones M. Self-reported rectal bleeding in a United States community: prevalence, risk factors, and health care seeking. Am J Gastroenterol 1998b;93:2179-83.
  60. Talley NJ, Boyce P, Jones M. Identification of distinct upper and lower gastrointestinal symptom groupings in an urban population. GUT 1998a;42:690-5.
  61. Ellis BG, Thompson MR. Factors identifying higher risk rectal bleeding in general practice. Br J Gen Pract 2005;55:949-55.
  62. Helfand M, Marton KI, Zimmer-Gembeck MJ, Sox HC Jr. History of visible rectal bleeding in a primary care population. Initial assessment and 10-year follow-up. JAMA 1997;277:44-8.
  63. Metcalf JV, Smith J, Jones R, Record CO. Incidence and causes of rectal bleeding in general practice as detected by colonoscopy. Br J Gen Pract 1996;46:161-4.
  64. Hamilton W, Sharp D. Diagnosis of colorectal cancer in primary care: the evidence base for guidelines. Fam Pract 2004;21:99-106.
  65. Fijten GH, Starmans R, Muris JW, Schouten HJ, Blijham GH, Knottnerus JA. Predictive value of signs and symptoms for colorectal cancer in patients with rectal bleeding in general practice. Fam Pract 1995;12:279-86.
  66. Ferraris R, Senore C, Fracchia M, Sciallero S, Bonelli L, Atkin WS, et al. Predictive value of rectal bleeding for distal colonic neoplastic lesions in a screened population. Eur J Cancer 2004;40:245-52.
  67. Lawrenson R, Logie J, Marks C. Risk of colorectal cancer in general practice patients presenting with rectal bleeding, change in bowel habit or anaemia. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2006;15:267-71.
  68. Norrelund N, Norrelund H. Colorectal cancer and polyps in patients aged 40 years and over who consult a GP with rectal bleeding. Fam Pract 1996;13:160-5.
  69. Robertson R, Campbell C, Weller DP, Elton R, Mant D, Primrose J, et al. Predicting colorectal cancer risk in patients with rectal bleeding. Br J Gen Pract 2006;56:763-7.
  70. Thompson MR, Perera R, Senapati A, Dodds S. Predictive value of common symptom combinations in diagnosing colorectal cancer. Br J Surg 2007;94:1260-5.
  71. Fijten GH, Muris JW, Starmans R, Knottnerus JA, Blijham GH, Krebber TF. The incidence and outcome of rectal bleeding in general practice. Fam Pract 1993;10:283-7.
  72. Sanchez A, Munoz C, Bujanda L, Iriondo C, Gil-Molet A, Cosme A, et al. The value of colonoscopy to assess rectal bleeding in patients referred from Primary Care Units. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2005;97:870-6.
  73. Sands BE. From symptom to diagnosis: clinical distinctions among various forms of intestinal inflammation. Gastroenterology 2004;126:1518-32.
  74. Verhaegh BP, Jonkers DM, Driessen A, Zeegers MP, Keszthelyi D, Masclee AA, Pierik MJ. Incidence of microscopic colitis in the Netherlands. A nationwide population-based study from 2000 to 2012. Dig Liver Dis. 2015 Jan;47(1):30-6.
  75. Verhaegh BP, van Dijk MA, Goudkade D, Pierik MJ, Masclee AA. Chronische diarree door microscopische colitis: alertheid loont [Chronic diarrhoea due to microscopic colitis: awareness pays]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2016;160:A9584.
  76. Masclee GM, Coloma PM, Kuipers EJ, Sturkenboom MC. Increased risk of microscopic colitis with use of proton pump inhibitors and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Am J Gastroenterol. 2015 May;110(5):749-59.
  77. Miehlke S, Verhaegh B, Tontini GE, Madisch A, Langner C, Münch A. Microscopic colitis: pathophysiology and clinical management. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019 Apr;4(4):305-314.
  78. Chey WD, Nojkov B, Rubenstein JH, et al. The yield of colonoscopy in patients with non-constipated irritable bowel syndrome: results from a prospective, controlled us trial. Am J Gastroenterol 2010;105:859–65.
  79. Kok L, Elias SG, Witteman BJ, Goedhard JG, Romberg-Camps MJ, Muris JW, Moons KG, de Wit NJ. Application of the Rome-III-criteria is not likely to reduce the number of unnecessary referrals for colonoscopy in primary care. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013 May;25(5):568-74. doi: 10.1097/MEG.0b013e32835d4ddd. PMID: 23325277.
  80. Asghar Z, Thoufeeq M, Kurien M, Ball AJ, Rej A, David Tai FW, Afify S, Aziz I. Diagnostic Yield of Colonoscopy in Patients With Symptoms Compatible With Rome-IV Functional Bowel Disorders. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020 Aug 31:S1542-3565(20)31221-0. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2020.08.062. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 32882424.
  81. Grobbee EJ, Wisse PH, Schreuders EH, van Roon A, van Dam L, Zauber AG, Lansdorp-Vogelaar I, Bramer W, Berhane S, Deeks JJ, Steyerberg EW, van Leerdam ME, Spaander MC, Kuipers EJ. Guaiac-based faecal occult blood tests versus faecal immunochemical tests for colorectal cancer screening in average-risk individuals. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022 Jun 6;6(6):CD009276.
  82. Westwood M, Lang S, Armstrong N, van Turenhout S, Cubiella J, Stirk L, Ramos IC, Luyendijk M, Zaim R, Kleijnen J, Fraser CG. Faecal immunochemical tests (FIT) can help to rule out colorectal cancer in patients presenting in primary care with lower abdominal symptoms: a systematic review conducted to inform new NICE DG30 diagnostic guidance. BMC Med. 2017 Oct 24;15(1):189. doi: 10.1186/s12916-017-0944-z. PMID: 29061126; PMCID: PMC5654140.
  83. D'Souza N, Georgiou Delisle T, Chen M, Benton S, Abulafi M; NICE FIT Steering Group. Faecal immunochemical test is superior to symptoms in predicting pathology in patients with suspected colorectal cancer symptoms referred on a 2WW pathway: a diagnostic accuracy study. Gut. 2021 Jun;70(6):1130-1138. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321956. Epub 2020 Oct 21. PMID: 33087488; PMCID: PMC8108285.
  84. Nicholson BD, James T, Paddon M, Justice S, Oke JL, East JE, Shine B. Faecal immunochemical testing for adults with symptoms of colorectal cancer attending English primary care: a retrospective cohort study of 14 487 consecutive test requests. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2020 Sep;52(6):1031-1041. doi: 10.1111/apt.15969. Epub 2020 Jul 17. PMID: 32677733.
  85. Lué A, Hijos G, Sostres C, Perales A, Navarro M, Barra MV, Mascialino B, Andalucia C, Puente JJ, Lanas Á, Gomollon F. The combination of quantitative faecal occult blood test and faecal calprotectin is a cost-effective strategy to avoid colonoscopies in symptomatic patients without relevant pathology. Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 2020 May 18;13:1756284820920786. doi: 10.1177/1756284820920786. PMID: 32523623; PMCID: PMC7235671.
  86. Mowat C, Digby J, Strachan JA, McCann R, Hall C, Heather D, Carey F, Fraser CG, Steele RJC. Impact of introducing a faecal immunochemical test (FIT) for haemoglobin into primary care on the outcome of patients with new bowel symptoms: a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open Gastroenterol. 2019 May 4;6(1):e000293. doi: 10.1136/bmjgast-2019-000293. PMID: 31275586; PMCID: PMC6577357.
  87. Juul JS, Hornung N, Andersen B, Laurberg S, Olesen F, Vedsted P. The value of using the faecal immunochemical test in general practice on patients presenting with non-alarm symptoms of colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer. 2018 Aug;119(4):471-479. doi: 10.1038/s41416-018-0178-7. Epub 2018 Aug 1. PMID: 30065255; PMCID: PMC6133998.
  88. Högberg C, Karling P, Rutegård J, Lilja M. Diagnosing colorectal cancer and inflammatory bowel disease in primary care: The usefulness of tests for faecal haemoglobin, faecal calprotectin, anaemia and iron deficiency. A prospective study. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2017 Jan;52(1):69-75. doi: 10.1080/00365521.2016.1228120. Epub 2016 Sep 14. PMID: 27623716.
  89. Elias SG, Kok L, de Wit NJ, Witteman BJ, Goedhard JG, Romberg-Camps MJ, Muris JW, Moons KG. Is there an added value of faecal calprotectin and haemoglobin in the diagnostic work-up for primary care patients suspected of significant colorectal disease? A cross-sectional diagnostic study. BMC Med. 2016 Sep 26;14(1):141. doi: 10.1186/s12916-016-0684-5. PMID: 27666114; PMCID: PMC5036273.
  90. Irvine AJ, Chey WD, Ford AC. Screening for celiac disease in irritable bowel syndrome: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 2017;112:65–76.
  91. Mohseninejad L, Feenstra T, van der Horst HE, Woutersen-Koch H, Buskens E. Targeted screening for Coeliac Disease among irritable bowel syndrome patients: analysis of cost-effectiveness and value of information. Eur J Health Econ. 2013 Dec;14(6):947-57.
  92. Turvill J, Turnock D. Audit of the impact of the York faecal calprotectin care pathway on colonoscopy activity. Frontline Gastroenterol. 2019 Oct 24;11(4):285-289. doi: 10.1136/flgastro-2019-101315. PMID: 32587672; PMCID: PMC7307046.
  93. NVKC. Zinnige Diagnostiek; overwegingen bij het aanvragen van calprotectine in feces. 2015.
  94. Pathirana WGW, Chubb SP, Gillett MJ, Vasikaran SD. Faecal Calprotectin. Clin Biochem Rev. 2018 Aug;39(3):77-90. PMID: 30828114; PMCID: PMC6370282.
  95. An YK, Prince D, Gardiner F, Neeman T, Linedale EC, Andrews JM, Connor S, Begun J. Faecal calprotectin testing for identifying patients with organic gastrointestinal disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. Med J Aust. 2019 Nov;211(10):461-467. doi: 10.5694/mja2.50384. Epub 2019 Nov 3. PMID: 31680263.
  96. Ford AC, Moayyedi P, Chey WD, Harris LA, Lacy BE, Saito YA, Quigley EMM; ACG Task Force on Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome. American College of Gastroenterology Monograph on Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Am J Gastroenterol. 2018 Jun;113(Suppl 2):1-18. doi: 10.1038/s41395-018-0084-x. PMID: 29950604.
  97. Linedale EC, Mikocka-Walus A, Gibson PR, Andrews JM. The potential of integrated nurse-led models to improve care for people with functional gastrointestinal disorders: a systematic Review. Gastroenterol Nurs 2020;43:53-64.
  98. Van der Horst HE, Schellevis EG, Van Eijk JT, Deville W. Health education for patients with irritable bowel syndrome in general practice. Jaarverslag EMGO Instituut 1997.
  99. Van Dulmen AM, Fennis JFM, Bleijenberg G. Betere prognose van functionele buikklachten door aandacht voor psychische factoren. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 1998;142:641.
  100. Van Dulmen AM, Fennis JF, Mokkink HG, Bleijenberg G. The relationship between complaint-related cognitions in referred patients with irritable bowel syndrome and subsequent health care seeking behaviour in primary care. Fam Pract 1996;13:12-7.
  101. Drossman DA, McKee DC, Sandler RS, Mitchell CM, Cramer EM, Lowman BC, et al. Psychosocial factors in the irritable bowel syndrome. A multivariate study of patients and nonpatients with irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology 1988;95:701-8.
  102. Donker GA, Foets M, Spreeuwenberg P. Patients with irritable bowel syndrome: health status and use of health care services. Br J Gen Pract 1999;49:787-92.
  103. Kettell J, Jones R, Lydeard S. Reasons for consultation in irritable bowel syndrome: symptoms and patient characteristics. Br J gen Pract 1992;42:459-61.
  104. Bleijenberg G, Fennis JF. Anamnestic and psychological features in diagnosis and prognosis of functional abdominal complaints: a prospective study. GUT 1989;30:1076-81.
  105. Smith RC, Greenbaum DS, Vancouver JB, Henry RC, Reinhart MA, Greenbaum RB, et al. Psychosocial factors are associated with health care seeking rather than diagnosis in irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology 1990;98:293-301.
  106. Fowlie S, Eastwood MA, Ford MJ. Irritable bowel syndrome: the influence of psychological factors on the symptom complex. J Psychosom Res 1992;36:169-73.
  107. Rijnaarts I, Witteman BJM, Zoetendal EG, Govers C, de Wit NJW, de Roos NM. Subtypes and Severity of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Are Not Related to Patients' Self-Reported Dietary Triggers: Results From an Online Survey in Dutch Adults. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2021 Sep;121(9):1750-1762.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.01.007. Epub 2021 Mar 2. PMID: 33674208.
  108. Singh P, Tuck C, Gibson PR, Chey WD. The Role of Food in the Treatment of Bowel Disorders: Focus on Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Functional Constipation. Am J Gastroenterol. 2022 Jun 1;117(6):947-957.
  109. Geisslitz S, Shewry P, Brouns F, America AHP, Caio GPI, Daly M, D'Amico S, De Giorgio R, Gilissen L, Grausgruber H, Huang X, Jonkers D, Keszthelyi D, Larré C, Masci S, Mills C, Møller MS, Sorrells ME, Svensson B, Zevallos VF, Weegels PL. Wheat ATIs: Characteristics and Role in Human Disease. Front Nutr. 2021 May 28;8:667370. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.667370. PMID: 34124122; PMCID: PMC8192694.
  110. Hamer HM, Jonkers D, Venema K, Vanhoutvin S, Troost FJ, Brummer RJ. Review article: the role of butyrate on colonic function. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Jan 15;27(2):104-19. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03562.x. Epub 2007 Oct 25. PMID: 17973645.
  111. Leeming ER, Johnson AJ, Spector TD, Le Roy CI. Effect of Diet on the Gut Microbiota: Rethinking Intervention Duration. Nutrients. 2019;11(12):2862. Published 2019 Nov 22. doi:10.3390/nu11122862
  112. Böhn L, Störsrud S, Törnblom H, Bengtsson U, Simrén M. Self-reported food-related gastrointestinal symptoms in IBS are common and associated with more severe symptoms and reduced quality of life. Am J Gastroenterol. 2013 May;108(5):634-41. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2013.105. PMID: 23644955.
  113. So D, Gibson PR, Muir JG, Yao CK. Dietary fibres and IBS: translating functional characteristics to clinical value in the era of personalised medicine. Gut. 2021 Dec;70(12):2383-2394. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-324891. Epub 2021 Aug 20. PMID: 34417199.
  114. Dionne J, Ford AC, Yuan Y, Chey WD, Lacy BE, Saito YA, Quigley EMM, Moayyedi P. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Evaluating the Efficacy of a Gluten-Free Diet and a Low FODMAPs Diet in Treating Symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Am J Gastroenterol. 2018 Sep;113(9):1290-1300. doi: 10.1038/s41395-018-0195-4. Epub 2018 Jul 26. PMID: 30046155.
  115. Biesiekierski JR, Newnham ED, Irving PM, Barrett JS, Haines M, Doecke JD, Shepherd SJ, Muir JG, Gibson PR. Gluten causes gastrointestinal symptoms in subjects without celiac disease: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. Am J Gastroenterol. 2011 Mar;106(3):508-14; quiz 515. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2010.487. Epub 2011 Jan 11. PMID: 21224837.
  116. Shahbazkhani B, Sadeghi A, Malekzadeh R, Khatavi F, Etemadi M, Kalantri E, Rostami-Nejad M, Rostami K. Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity Has Narrowed the Spectrum of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2015 Jun 5;7(6):4542-54. doi: 10.3390/nu7064542. PMID: 26056920; PMCID: PMC4488801.
  117. Zanwar VG, Pawar SV, Gambhire PA, Jain SS, Surude RG, Shah VB, Contractor QQ, Rathi PM. Symptomatic improvement with gluten restriction in irritable bowel syndrome: a prospective, randomized, double blinded placebo controlled trial. Intest Res. 2016 Oct;14(4):343-350. doi: 10.5217/ir.2016.14.4.343. Epub 2016 Oct 17. PMID: 27799885; PMCID: PMC5083263.
  118. Staudacher HM, Lomer MCE, Anderson JL, Barret JS, Muir JG, Irving PM, et al. Fermentable carbohydrate restriction reduces luminal bifdobacteria and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. J Nutr. 2012;142:1510–8. PMID: 22739368
  119. Eswaran SL, Chey WD, Han-Markey T, Ball S, Jackson K. A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing the Low FODMAP Diet vs. Modified NICE Guidelines in US Adults with IBS-D. Am J Gastroenterol 2016; 111(12): 1824-1832. PMID: 27725652
  120. McIntosh K, Reed DE, Schneider T, Dang F, Keshteli AH, De Palma G, et al. FODMAPs alter symptoms and the metabolome of patients with IBS: a randomized controlled trial. Gut. 2017;66:1241–51. PMID: 26976734
  121. Böhn L, Storsrud S, Liljebo T, Collin L, Lindfors P, Tornblom H, et al. Diet low in FODMAPs reduces symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome as well as traditional dietary advice: a randomized controlled trial. Gastroenterology. 2015;149:1399–407. PMID: 26255043
  122. Halmos EP, Power VA, Shepherd SJ, Gibson PR, Muir JG. A diet low in FODMAPs reduces symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology. 2014;146:67–75. PMID: 24076059
  123. Hustof, TN, Hausken, T, Ystad, SO, Valeur, J, Brokstad, K, Hatlebakk, JG, et al. Effects of varying dietary content of fermentable short-chain carbohydrates on symptoms, fecal microenvironment, and cytokine profiles in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017; 29: e12969. PMID: 27747984
  124. Staudacher HM, et al. A Diet Low in FODMAPs Reduces Symptoms in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome and A Probiotic Restores Bifidobacterium Species: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Gastroenterology 2017; 153: 936-947. PMID: 28625832
  125. Zahedi MJ, Behrouz V, Azimi M. Low fermentable oligo-di-mono-saccharides and polyols diet versus general dietary advice in patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: A randomized controlled trial. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018 Jun;33(6):1192-1199. doi: 10.1111/jgh.14051. Epub 2018 Feb 21. PMID: 29159993.
  126. Eswaran S, Chey WD, Jackson K, Pillai S, Chey SW, Han-Markey T. A Diet Low in Fermentable Oligo-, Di-, and Monosaccharides and Polyols Improves Quality of Life and Reduces Activity Impairment in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Diarrhea. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017 Dec;15(12):1890-1899.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2017.06.044. Epub 2017 Jun 28. PMID: 28668539.
  127. Harvie RM, Chisholm AW, Bisanz JE, Burton JP, Herbison P, Schultz K, Schultz M. Long-term irritable bowel syndrome symptom control with reintroduction of selected FODMAPs. World J Gastroenterol. 2017 Jul 7;23(25):4632-4643. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i25.4632. PMID: 28740352; PMCID: PMC5504379.
  128. Patcharatrakul T, Juntrapirat A, Lakananurak N, Gonlachanvit S. Effect of Structural Individual Low-FODMAP Dietary Advice vs. Brief Advice on a Commonly Recommended Diet on IBS Symptoms and Intestinal Gas Production. Nutrients. 2019 Nov 21;11(12):2856. doi: 10.3390/nu11122856. PMID: 31766497; PMCID: PMC6950148.
  129. Pedersen N, Andersen NN, Végh Z, Jensen L, Ankersen DV, Felding M, Simonsen MH, Burisch J, Munkholm P. Ehealth: low FODMAP diet vs Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in irritable bowel syndrome. World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Nov 21;20(43):16215-26. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i43.16215. PMID: 25473176; PMCID: PMC4239510.
  130. Drossman D, Morris CB, Hu Y, Toner BB, Diamant N, Whitehead WE, Dalton CB, Leserman J, Patrick DL, Bangdiwala SI. Characterization of health related quality of life (HRQOL) for patients with functional bowel disorder (FBD) and its response to treatment. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007 Jul;102(7):1442-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01283.x. Epub 2007 May 17. PMID: 17509027.
  131. Niu HL, Xiao JY. The efficacy and safety of probiotics in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: Evidence based on 35 randomized controlled trials. Int J Surg. 2020 Mar;75:116-127. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.01.142. Epub 2020 Jan 31. PMID: 32014597.
  132. Gupta AK, Maity C. Efficacy and safety of Bacillus coagulans LBSC in irritable bowel syndrome: A prospective, interventional, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study [CONSORT Compliant]. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Jan 22;100(3):e23641. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000023641. PMID: 33545934; PMCID: PMC7837859.
  133. Skrzydło-Radomańska B, Prozorow-Król B, Cichoż-Lach H, Majsiak E, Bierła JB, Kosikowski W, Szczerbiński M, Gantzel J, Cukrowska B. The Effectiveness of Synbiotic Preparation Containing Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium Probiotic Strains and Short Chain Fructooligosaccharides in Patients with Diarrhea Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome-A Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Nutrients. 2020 Jul 5;12(7):1999. doi: 10.3390/nu12071999. PMID: 32635661; PMCID: PMC7400954.
  134. Shi J, Gao F, Zhang J. Effect of Combined Live Probiotics Alleviating the Gastrointestinal Symptoms of Functional Bowel Disorders. Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2020 Sep 17;2020:4181748. doi: 10.1155/2020/4181748. PMID: 33014039; PMCID: PMC7519468.
  135. Sadrin S, Sennoune S, Gout B, Marque S, Moreau J, Zinoune K, Grillasca JP, Pons O, Maixent JM. A 2-strain mixture of Lactobacillus acidophilus in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: A placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Dig Liver Dis. 2020 May;52(5):534-540. doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2019.12.009. Epub 2020 Jan 15. PMID: 31952938.
  136. Martoni CJ, Srivastava S, Leyer GJ. Lactobacillus acidophilus DDS-1 and Bifidobacterium lactis UABla-12 Improve Abdominal Pain Severity and Symptomology in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2020 Jan 30;12(2):363. doi: 10.3390/nu12020363. PMID: 32019158; PMCID: PMC7071206.
  137. Lewis ED, Antony JM, Crowley DC, Piano A, Bhardwaj R, Tompkins TA, Evans M. Efficacy of Lactobacillus paracasei HA-196 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175 in Alleviating Symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study. Nutrients. 2020 Apr 21;12(4):1159. doi: 10.3390/nu12041159. PMID: 32326347; PMCID: PMC7230591.
  138. Kim J, Cho K, Kim JS, Jung HC, Kim B, Park MS, Ji GE, Cho JY, Hong KS. Probiotic treatment induced change of inflammation related metabolites in IBS-D patients/double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Food Sci Biotechnol. 2019 Dec 23;29(6):837-844. doi: 10.1007/s10068-019-00717-2. PMID: 32523793; PMCID: PMC7256134.
  139. Gayathri R, Aruna T, Malar S, Shilpa B, Dhanasekar KR. Efficacy of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 as an add-on therapy for irritable bowel syndrome. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2020 Jan;35(1):139-145. doi: 10.1007/s00384-019-03462-4. Epub 2019 Dec 5. PMID: 31807856.
  140. Barraza-Ortiz DA, Pérez-López N, Medina-López VM, Minero-Alfaro JI, Zamarripa-Dorsey F, Fernández-Martínez NDC, Llorente-Ramón A, Ramos-Aguilar GA. Combination of a Probiotic and an Antispasmodic Increases Quality of Life and Reduces Symptoms in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Pilot Study. Dig Dis. 2021;39(3):294-300. doi: 10.1159/000510950. Epub 2020 Aug 18. PMID: 32810850.
  141. Andresen V, Gschossmann J, Layer P. Heat-inactivated Bifidobacterium bifidum MIMBb75 (SYN-HI-001) in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020 Jul;5(7):658-666. doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30056-X. Epub 2020 Apr 8. PMID: 32277872.
  142. Stevenson C, et al. Probiotic effect and dietary correlations on faecal microbiota profiles in irritable bowel syndrome. South African J Clin Nutr 2019:1-6.
  143. Oh JH, Jang YS, Kang D, Chang DK, Min YW. Efficacy and Safety of New Lactobacilli Probiotics for Unconstipated Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2019 Nov 27;11(12):2887. doi: 10.3390/nu11122887. PMID: 31783597; PMCID: PMC6950464.
  144. Madempudi RS, Ahire JJ, Neelamraju J, Tripathi A, Nanal S. Randomized clinical trial: the effect of probiotic Bacillus coagulans Unique IS2 vs. placebo on the symptoms management of irritable bowel syndrome in adults. Sci Rep. 2019 Aug 21;9(1):12210. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-48554-x. PMID: 31434935; PMCID: PMC6704184.
  145. Helo AA. Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Saccharomyces Cerevisiae. J Gastroenterol Hepatol Res 2019;8(4):2919-2922.
  146. AL-Jassim, Zainab G. "Using brewer’s yeast and ginger in the management of constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized double-blind placebocontrolled trial." Asian J Pharm Clin Res 12.3 (2019): 372-376.
  147. Daley AJ, Grimmett C, Roberts L, Wilson S, Fatek M, Roalfe A, Singh S. The effects of exercise upon symptoms and quality of life in patients diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome: a randomised controlled trial. Int J Sports Med 2008;29:778-82.
  148. Johannesson E, Simrén M, Strid H, Bajor A, Sadik R. Physical activity improves symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Gastroenterol 2011;106:915-22.
  149. Johannesson E, Ringstrom G, Abrahamsson H, Sadik R. Intervention to increase physical activity in irritable bowel syndrome shows long-term positive effects. World J Gastroenterol 2015;21:600-8.
  150. Flik et al. Effectiveness of psychological treatments for irritable bowel syndrome when compared to high-quality placebo control conditions: a systematic review, in: Hypnotherapy in the management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Utrecht, the Netherlands, 2018.
  151. Flik CE, Laan W, Zuithoff NPA, Van Rood YR, Smout AJPM, Weusten BLAM, et al. Efficacy of individual and group hypnotherapy in irritable bowel syndrome (IMAGINE): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019;4:20-31.
  152. Palsson OS, Van Tilburg M. Hypnosis and guided imagery treatment for gastrointestinal disorders: experience with scripted protocols developed at the University of North Carolina. Am J Clin Hypn;58:5-21.
  153. Van der Veek PP, Van Rood YR, Masclee AA. Clinical trial: short- and long-term benefit of relaxation training for irritable bowel syndrome. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2007;26:943-52.
  154. Billings W, Mathur K, Craven HJ, Xu H, Shin A. Potential benefit with complementary and alternative medicine in irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021;19:1538-53.e14.
  155. Ford AC, Lacy BE, Harris LA, Quigley EMM, Moayyedi P. Effect of antidepressants and psychological therapies in irritable bowel syndrome: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 2019;114:21-39.
  156. Lee HH, Choi YY, Choi MG. The Efficacy of hypnotherapy in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2014;20:152-62.
  157. Li L, Xiong L, Zhang S, Yu Q, Chen M. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for irritable bowel syndrome: a meta-analysis. J Psychosom Res 2014;77:1-12.
  158. Park et al. Relaxation therapy for irritable bowel syndrome: a Systematic Review. Asian Nursing Research 2014;8:182-92.
  159. Lackner JM, Jaccard J, Radziwon CD, Firth RS, Gudleski GD, Hamilton F, et al. Durability and decay of treatment benefit of cognitive behavioral therapy for irritable bowel syndrome: 12-month follow-up. Am J Gastroenterol 2019;114:330-38.
  160. Everitt HA, Landau S, O'Reilly G, Sibelli A, Hughes S, Windgassen S, et al. ACTIB trial group. Assessing telephone-delivered cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and web-delivered CBT versus treatment as usual in irritable bowel syndrome (ACTIB): a multicentre randomised trial. Gut 2019;68:1613-23.
  161. Everitt H, Landau S, Little P, Bishop FL, O'Reilly G, Sibelli A, et al. Therapist telephone-delivered CBT and web-based CBT compared with treatment as usual in refractory irritable bowel syndrome: the ACTIB three-arm RCT. Health Technol Assess 2019;23:1-154.
  162. Everitt HA, Landau S, O'Reilly G, Sibelli A, Hughes S, Windgassen S, et al. Cognitive behavioural therapy for irritable bowel syndrome: 24-month follow-up of participants in the ACTIB randomised trial. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019;4:863-72.
  163. Peter J, Tran US, Michalski M, Moser G. The structure of resilience in irritable bowel syndrome and its improvement through hypnotherapy: cross-sectional and prospective longitudinal data. PLoS One 2018;13:e0202538.
  164. Jang A, Hwang SK, Padhye NS, Meininger JC. Effects of cognitive behavior therapy on heart rate variability in young females with constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: a parallel-group Trial. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017;23:435-45.
  165. Ford AC, Lacy BE, Harris LA, Quigley EMM, Moayyedi P. Effect of antidepressants and psychological therapies in irritable bowel syndrome: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 2019114:21-39.
  166. Moser G, Trägner S, Gajowniczek EE, Mikulits A, Michalski M, Kazemi-Shirazi L, et al. Long-term success of GUT-directed group hypnosis for patients with refractory irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Gastroenterol 2013;108:602-9.
  167. Blanchard EB, Lackner JM, Sanders K, Krasner S, Keefer L, Payne A, et al. A controlled evaluation of group cognitive therapy in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Behav Res Ther 2007;45:633-48.
  168. Payne A, Blanchard EB. A controlled comparison of cognitive therapy and self-help support groups in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. J Consult Clin Psychol 1995;63:779-86.
  169. Craske MG, Wolitzky-Taylor KB, Labus J, Wu S, Frese M, Mayer EA, et al. A cognitive-behavioral treatment for irritable bowel syndrome using interoceptive exposure to visceral sensations. Behav Res Ther 2011;49:413-21.
  170. Shinozaki M, Kanazawa M, Kano M, Endo Y, Nakaya N, Hongo M, et al. Effect of autogenic training on general improvement in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 2010;35:189-98.
  171. Ruepert L, Quartero AO, De Wit NJ, Van der Heijden GJ, Rubin G, Muris JW. Bulking agents, antispasmodics and antidepressants for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011;CD003460.
  172. Ruepert L, Quartero AO, De Wit NJ, Van der Heijden GJ, Rubin G, Muris JW. Bulking agents, antispasmodics and antidepressants for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011:CD003460.
  173. Brenner DM, Fogel R, Dorn SD, Krause R, Eng P, Kirshoff R, et al. Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of plecanatide in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation: results of two phase 3 randomized clinical trials. Am J Gastroenterol 2018;113:735-45
  174. Shah ED, Kim HM, Schoenfeld P. Efficacy and tolerability of guanylate cyclase-c agonists for irritable bowel syndrome with constipation and chronic idiopathic constipation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 2018;113:329-38.
  175. Chey WD, Lembo AJ, Lavins BJ, Shiff SJ, Kurtz CB, Currie MG, et al. Linaclotide for irritable bowel syndrome with constipation: a 26-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate efficacy and safety. Am J Gastroenterol 2012;107:1702-12.
  176. Rey E, Mearin F, Alcedo J, Ciriza C, Delgado-Aros S, et al. Optimizing the use of linaclotide in patients with constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: an expert consensus report. Adv Ther 2017;34:587-98.
  177. Atluri DK, Chandar AK, Bharucha AE, Falck-Ytter Y. Effect of linaclotide in irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2014;26:499-509.
  178. Johnston JM, Kurtz CB, Macdougall JE, Lavins BJ, Currie MG, Fitch DA, et al. Linaclotide improves abdominal pain and bowel habits in a phase IIb study of patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation. Gastroenterology 2010;139:1877-86.
  179. Rao S, Lembo AJ, Shiff SJ, Lavins BJ, Currie MG, Jia XD, et al. A 12-week, randomized, controlled trial with a 4-week randomized withdrawal period to evaluate the efficacy and safety of linaclotide in irritable bowel syndrome with constipation. Am J Gastroenterol 2012;107:1714-24.
  180. Fukudo S, Miwa H, Nakajima A, Haruma K, Kosako M, Nakagawa A, et al. A randomized controlled and long-term linaclotide study of irritable bowel syndrome with constipation patients in Japan. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018;30:e13444.
  181. Fukudo S, Nakajima A, Fujiyama Y, Kosako M, Nakagawa A, Akiho H, et al. Determining an optimal dose of linaclotide for use in Japanese patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation: a phase II randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018;30:e13275.
  182. Yang Y, Fang J, Guo X, Dai N, Shen X, Yang Y, et al. Linaclotide in irritable bowel syndrome with constipation: a phase 3 randomized trial in China and other regions. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018;33:980-9.
  183. Cann PA, Read NW, Holdsworth CD, Barends D. Role of loperamide and placebo in management of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Dig Dis Sci 1984;29:239-47.
  184. Thimister PW, Hopman WP, Van Roermund RF, Willems HL, Rosenbusch G, Woestenborghs R, et al. Inhibition of pancreaticobiliary secretion by loperamide in humans. Hepatology 1997;26:256-61.
  185. Sun WM, Read NW, Verlinden M. Effects of loperamide oxide on gastrointestinal transit time and anorectal function in patients with chronic diarrhoea and faecal incontinence. Scand J Gastroenterol 1997;32:34-8.
  186. Lavo B, Stenstam M, Nielsen AL. Loperamide in treatment of irritable bowel syndrome--a double-blind placebo controlled study. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl 1987;130:77-80.
  187. Efskind PS, Bernklev T, Vatn MH. A double-blind placebo-controlled trial with loperamide in irritable bowel syndrome. Scand J Gastroenterol 1996;31:463-8.
  188. Hovdenak N. Loperamide treatment of the irritable bowel syndrome. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl 1987;130:81-4.
  189. Black CJ, Yuan Y, Selinger CP, Camilleri M, Quigley EMM, Moayyedi P, et al. Efficacy of soluble fibre, antispasmodic drugs, and gut-brain neuromodulators in irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020;5:117-31.
  190. Alammar N, Wang L, Saberi B, Nanavati J, Holtmann G, Shinohara RT, et al. The impact of peppermint oil on the irritable bowel syndrome: a meta-analysis of the pooled clinical data. BMC Complement Altern Med 2019;19:21.
  191. Alam MS, Roy PK, Miah AR, Mollick SH, Khan MR, Mahmud MC, et al. Efficacy of peppermint oil in diarrhea predominant IBS - a double blind randomized placebo - controlled study. Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ. 2013;22(1):27–30. PMID: 23416804
  192. Cash BD, Epstein MS, Shah SM. A novel delivery system of peppermint oil is an effective therapy for irritable bowel syndrome symptoms. Dig Dis Sci. 2016;61(2):560–71. PMID: 26319955
  193. Capanni M, Surrenti E, Biagini MR, Milani S, Surrenh C, Galli A. Efficacy of peppermint oil in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized, controlled trial. Gazz med ital arch sci med [Internet]. 2005; 164(2):119–26.
  194. Cappello G, Spezzaferro M, Grossi L, Manzoli L, Marzio L. Peppermint oil (Mintoil((R))) in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a prospective double blind placebo-controlled randomized trial. Dig Liver Dis. 2007;39(6):530–6. PMID: 17420159
  195. Carling L, Svedberg LE, Hulten S. Short term treatment of the irritable bowel syndrome: a placebo-controlled trial of peppermint oil against hyoscyamine. Opuscula Medica. 1989;34(3):55–7.
  196. Dew MJ, Evans BK, Rhodes J. Peppermint Oil for the Irritable Bowel Syndrome - a Multicenter Trial. Br J Clin Pract. 1984;38(11–1):394. PMID: 6397219
  197. Lech Y, Olesen KM, Hey H, Rask-Pedersen E, Vilien M, Ostergaard O. Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with peppermint oil. A double-blind investigation with a placebo. Ugeskr Laeger. 1988;150(40):2388–9.
  198. Liu JH, Chen GH, Yeh HZ, Huang CK, Poon SK. Enteric-coated peppermint-oil capsules in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a prospective, randomized trial. J Gastroenterol. 1997;32(6):765–8. PMID: 9430014
  199. Merat S, Khalili S, Mostajabi P, Ghorbani A, Ansari R, Malekzadeh R. The effect of enteric-coated, delayed-release peppermint oil on irritable bowel syndrome. Dig Dis Sci. 2010;55(5):1385–90. PMID: 19507027
  200. Rees WD, Evans BK, Rhodes J. Treating irritable bowel syndrome with peppermint oil. Br Med J. 1979;2(6194):835–6. PMID: 389344
  201. Schneider MMEOM. Efficacy of Colpermin in the treatment of patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology. 1990;98.
  202. Weiss WKC. Treatment of irritable bowel syndromewith peppermint oil capsules: results of a double blind study. Therapiewoche Osterreich. 1988;3:3–8.
  203. Weerts ZZRM, Masclee AAM, Witteman BJM, Clemens CHM, Winkens B, Brouwers JRBJ, et al. Efficacy and safety of peppermint oil in a randomized, double-Blind trial of patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology 2020;158:123-36.
  204. Hazel Everitt, Rona Moss-Morris, Alice Sibelli, Laura Tapp, Nicholas Coleman, Lucy Yardley, Peter Smith and Paul Little. Management of irritable bowel syndrome in primary care: the results of an exploratory randomised controlled trial of mebeverine, methylcellulose, placebo and a self-management website. BMC Gastroenterology 2013, 13:68.
  205. Chakraborty, D.S.; Hazra, A.; Sil, A.; Pain, S. Will controlled release mebeverine be able to surpass placebo in treatment of diarrhoea predominant irritable bowel syndrome? J. Fam. Med. Prim. Care 2019, 8, 3173–3178.
  206. Oh SJ, Takakura W, Rezaie A. Shortcomings of trials assessing antidepressants in the management of irritable bowel syndrome: a critical review. J Clin Med 2020;9:2933.
  207. VWS. Kamerbrief Proeftuinen en pilots 'betere zorg met minder kosten'. Kenmerk:110702-102148-CZ. Den Haag: Ministerie van VWS; 2013.
  208. Masclee GMC, Snijkers JTW, Boersma M, Masclee AAM, Keszthelyi D. Patient preferences of healthcare delivery in irritable bowel syndrome: a focus group study. BMC Gastroenterol 2021;21:438.
  209. Flik CE, Van Rood YR, De Wit NJ. Systematic review: knowledge and educational needs of patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015;27:367-71.
  210. Van den Bogaart E, Quanjel T, Kroese M, et al. Monitoring en evaluatie van substitutie van zorg in drie Limburgse proeftuinen – Evaluatierapport, 2019.
  211. Hungin AP, Whorwell PJ, Tack J, Mearin F. The prevalence, patterns and impact of irritable bowel syndrome: an international survey of 40,000 subjects. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003;17:643-50.
  212. Berry SK, Chey WD. Integrated care for irritable bowel syndrome: the future is now. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2021;50:713-20.
  213. Basnayake C, Kamm MA, Salzberg MR, Wilson-O'Brien A, Stanley A, Thompson AJ. Delivery of care for functional gastrointestinal disorders: a systematic review. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020;35:204-10.
  214. Mutsekwa RN, Larkins V, Canavan R, Ball L, Angus RL. A dietitian-first gastroenterology clinic results in improved symptoms and quality of life in patients referred to a tertiary gastroenterology service. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2019;33:188-194.
  215. Novak KL, Halasz J, Andrews C, Johnston C, Schoombee W, Tanyingoh D, et al. Nurse-Led, shared medical appointments for common gastrointestinal conditions-improving outcomes through collaboration with primary care in the medical home: a prospective observational study. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2020;3:59-66.
  216. Williams M, Barclay Y, Harper L, Marchant C, Seamark L, Hickson M. Feasibility, acceptability and cost efficiency of using webinars to deliver first-line patient education for people with irritable bowel syndrome as part of a dietetic-led gastroenterology service in primary care. J Hum Nutr Diet 2020;33:758-66.
  217. Gerson CD, Gerson MJ. A collaborative health care model for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2003;1:446-52.
  218. Basnayake C, Kamm MA, Stanley A, Wilson-O'Brien A, Burrell K, Lees-Trinca I, et al. Standard gastroenterologist versus multidisciplinary treatment for functional gastrointestinal disorders (MANTRA): an open-label, single-centre, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020;5:890-9.
  219. Chey WD, Keefer L, Whelan K, Gibson PR. Behavioral and diet therapies in integrated care for patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology 2021;160:47-62.
NHG-werkgroep:
De Wit NJ, Masclee A, Minnaard MC, Muris JWM, Quartero AO, Schep-Akkerman AE, Van Balen J
5 gerelateerde lacunesGerelateerd onderzoek
E-mail